Pavement



SISheets-Shegt Dec. 10, 1929. J. B. sTRAuss PAVEMENT Filed Oct. 27. 1921 Dec. l0, 1929.-

J. BQ sTRAUss PAVEMENT Filed 001'.. 27. 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet Fatented ec.. 10, 1929 stares PATENT cenice- Application filed October 27, 1921. Seria1 No.

This invention relates toconcrete pavements, and has for its object to provide a new and improved pavement of this description. The invention has among other objects to provide a concrete pavement made up in sections, which can be easily4 and quickly placed in position and held in position, and which will not be injured by expansion and contraction. Referring now to the accompanying w drawings Fig. l is a plan view showing the joining corners of four sections of the pavement where the pavement is applied to a bridge;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2-2 Of l;

Fig. 3 is a plan view showing a number of sections in position;

Fig. i is a plan view showing the sections supported on posts;

2@ Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view through one of the sections showing one method of forming theA surface thereof;

F ig. 7 is a plan view showing-a modied construction g Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on line 8 8 Fi 7 Figi:5F 9 is an enlarged detail view of the corner of the metal protecting device shown in Figs. 7 and 8;

Like numerals refer to out the several figures.

The pavement is made up of a series of sections l (see Fig. 3). ln Figs. 1 and 2 l have shown the pavement as applied to a bridge. ln this construction the edges of the sections are supported upon the beams or floor members 2 of the bridge. rlhe sections 4o l are provided with reinforcing metal. As

illustrated in Figs. l and 2 there are reinforcing metal pieces 3, which extend around the edges of the sections, and which engage each other. members are provided with hooks 4, which hook over the other membersas shown in Fig. 2. There are also reinforcing members 5, which are bent up as sho'wn in Fig. 2, and which hook over reinforcing members 6 5o near the top of the sections. At each corner like parts through- As herein shown some of these of the sections l provide rods 7 which are loosely mounted in the sections so as to be free to move longitudinally. The lower ends of these rods are provided with hooks or engaging projections 8, and the tops of the rods are provided with enlargements 9, which may be nuts or the like. These rods have two functions. 'lhey act as parts by means of which lifting devices may be connected to the sections to move them from place to place and into and out of position, and when the sections are in position, they act as holding devices or fastening devices for holding the sections in place. `When the rods are used to lift the sections, they are in the position shown in dotted lines in F ig. 2, with the hooks 8 in engagement with the bottom of the sections. This brings the enlargements 9 to a position where the lifting device can be placed'under them.

When the sections are placed in position the lifting device is removed and the rods l are moved longitudinally, and then rotated to bring the hook or engaging part 8 below the support 2, as shown in full lines in Fig. 2, whereupon they act as holding devices for holding the sections in place. The supports for the sections are provided with enlarged heads, or are cut away so as to permit the hooks 8 to be brought into proper relation with them. The sections are provided with recesses for receiving the enlargements 9.

`Cup washers 9a are preferably cast in the sections so as to form these recesses. These recesses may be filled with granite, asphalt, or other material after the sections are in place, so as to form a smooth surface over the -entire section. The rods 7 are placed inside of the reinforcing metal 8. When the sections are placed in position, there is pref# erably a shim l0 placed between the sections and the support. This shim is preferably of some non-metallic material, such as felt or the like, and absorbs the impact and reduces shock, wear and noise. When the sections are placed in position cracks or spaces are left between them. The sections are also formed so that the portion l2 of these spaces near the top will be wider than the portion ll near the bottom.

` enlarged top portions of Compressible filling material 12 is placed in the wider portion of these spaces and covers the narrower portion so as to prevent water or other material from entering this narrower portion. The ed es of the sections are further cut away near t e top so as to form a still wider space at the top, such top space being enlarged to form a re-entrant pocket 14, and there is a filling material 15 in this re-entrant pocket or enlarged top space which may be of grout or any other suitable material, and which prevents abrasion of the edges of the sections. When these re-entrant pockets or with material, such, as grout, for example, they form places for fractures to occur, because' they are weaker than the other portion `of the pavement, and hence only shallow cracks will be made which can be easily and cheaply filled by either lling the crack, or removing the grout or other material from the re-entrant pocket, and again refilling the pocket. l

If there is expansion or contraction the remaining portions of the sections are pre vented from being injured, the compressible filling 13 taking the pressure so as to prevent undue strains on the sections.

-It will be seen that by means of this construction there is provided a continuous surface at the top, and that this, as it were, forms a removable joint between the sections at the place Where wear occurs, and that this removable joint takes the strains so as to receive any cracks that may occur, and that the pavement can then be easily and cheaply repaired by renewing the oint, the sections themselves being prevented from cracking. This also provides means for limiting the depth of the cracking and keeping the parts under the crack tight. This also provides a continuous upper surface for the pavement with cracks underneath, which cracks do not therefore interfere with the pavement, but permit eX- pansion and contraction Without injury to the sections. The place where injury can occur is therefore limited to a comparatively small area, and this area is readily and easily renewable at a very small cost.

In Figs. 5 and 6 I have shown the pavementl as supported upon posts 16 placed beneath the corners. This construction may be used for streets, roads, buildings and the like.

In Fig. 6 I have shown an improved wearing surface of the sections 1. In making sections of this kind I take small granite chips 17 and roll them into the surface of the sections while they are still soft, these chips thus being forced into the concrete near the top so as to form a comparatively even, yet hard wearing surface, which will not wear smooth or slippery like the ordinary concrete pavement, and which increases the life of the sections and their effectiveness.

In Figs. 7 and 8 I have shown a modified vices 18,

the spaces are filled construction. In this construction the edges of the sections at the points where the reentrant pockets are made, are curved, and are provided with curved metal protecting .de-

and the upwardly bent reinforcing members 19 pass through holes in the members 18 and have their ends 20 bent downwardly as shown in Fig. 8. The corners of the metal pieces 18 may be connected together in any desired manner. As shown in Fig. 9 these corners are connected together bybent splice plates 18a. In this construction the rods 9 and associated Yparts may also be used,

and the sections when assembled be separated' by suitable spaces enlarged at the top, the enlarged portion of the space having the compressible filling 13. The re-entrant pocket is filled with grout or other material as hereinbefore set out.

In the specification and claims I have used the term pavement, but I use this to include not only coverings for roads, streets and the like, for floors for bridges and buildings.

I have described in detail a particular construction embodying the invention but it is of course evident that the parts may be varied in many particulars without departing from the spirit of the invention as embodied in the claims hereto attached, and I therefore do not limit myself to the construction shown.

I claim: v

1. A pavement comprising a series of separated concrete sections, supports therefor, said sections mounted upon said supports, the adjacent edges of the sections being separated by a space, said space divided into three sections, the intermediate section being wider than the lower section and the upper section being wider than the intermediate section, and compressible filling material in the intermediate section covering the lower section of said space and a filling material in the upper section which covers the compressible material.

2. A pavement comprising a series of separated concrete sections, supports therefor, said sections mounted upon said supports, the adjacent edges of the sections being separated by a space, the upper portion of said space being wider than the lower portion, and a compressible filling material in the wider portion of said space and covering the lower narrower portion thereof the upper portion of the compressible filling material being below the upper faces of said sections, said compressible filling material being covered with grout which fills the joint at the top and joints in the concrete sections so as to form a continuous concrete surface.

3. A pavement comprising a series of concrete sections placed edge to edge with spaces between them, the spaces enlarged at the top, and concrete filling material in the enlarged spaces, the upper surface of said concrete filling material being flush with the upper lGO surface of said sections and acting with the sections to form a continuous upper concrete surface, a compressible filling in a part of the space below the surface, the remaining portion of the space being left unfilled and being covered by the compressible filling.

4. Aconcretepavementhaving a continuous upper surface of concrete material with means for limiting the cracks due to contraction and expansion to predetermined areas, said means comprising strips of frangible concrete material on said surface at predetermined intervals therealong.

5. A pavement comprising a series of separated concrete sections, renewable joints between themwhich cooperate with the sections to form a continuous upper concrete surface, and means for limiting the cracks due to expansion and contraction to that portion of said continuous surface at said joints. Y

6. A pavement comprising a series of separated sections having spaces between them, compressible material located in a portion of said spaces, and renewable frangible material in'said spaces above the compressible material and forming a continuous upper surface between'said sections, the surface of said frangible material being Hush with the surface of said sections, said frangible material receiving the stresses when the sections are expanded or contracted so as to localize cracks therein.

7. A pavement comprising a series of reinforced concrete sections with spaces between them, renewable frangible'material located in the top portions of said spaces, the surface of said frangible material belng flush with the surface of said sections,.,means for holding said frangible material in said top portions of said spaces so that a pavement with a continuous upper concrete surface is formed, said frangible material taking the strains when said sections are expanded or contracted, and adapted to localize cracks formed in said pavement.

8. A pavement comprising a series of concrete sections having rounded edges, rounded metal pieces `extending along said edges, reinforcing metal in said sections connected with said rounded metal pieces and having their ends projecting along the outer faces f thereof and a concrete filling in the space between said edges which joins with the conc crete of the sections so as to form a continuous concrete surface.

Signed at Chicago, county of Cook and State of Illinois, this 7th day of October, 1921.

JOSEPH B. STRAUSS. 

